Surgical dentistry is one of the most important branches of dentistry, involving the diagnosis, prevention, and surgical treatment of various pathological processes in the oral cavity. The goal of this field is not only to eliminate diseases but also to fully restore the healthy function and aesthetics of the oral cavity.

At “Blits Dental – Kakhaber Kharebava’s Clinic,” surgical procedures are performed according to modern standards, using the latest technologies and by highly qualified oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Our top priority is patient comfort and safety, which is ensured through innovative anesthesia techniques and minimally invasive approaches, providing painless and effective treatment with a rapid postoperative recovery period.

Our clinic is equipped with the latest medical equipment manufactured by Dentsply Sirona, enabling us to perform complex surgical procedures with the highest precision and achieve long-lasting, predictable results.

Surgical dentistry includes:

• Tooth extraction: including extraction of retained and semi-retained teeth.
  
  
• Bone augmentation (bone tissue reconstruction): replenishing bone deficits for implantation.
  
  
• Surgical treatment of inflammatory processes – including drainage of abscesses.
  
  
• Surgical treatment of maxillofacial trauma.
  
  
• Frenectomy of the lip and tongue.
  
  
• Removal of small and large benign tumors.
  
  
• Apicoectomy (root tip resection).
  
  
• Gingival contouring (correction).
  
  
• Surgical removal of cysts (cystectomy).
  
  

Bone Augmentation
Bone augmentation, or bone tissue reconstruction, is a surgical procedure aimed at increasing the volume and height of the jawbone. This procedure becomes necessary in cases where the patient has a bone deficiency, which can be caused by several factors:

• Prolonged absence of a tooth: After tooth extraction, the jawbone gradually begins to resorb due to lack of masticatory stimulation.
  
  
• Periodontitis: Inflammatory diseases of the gums and bone that can lead to bone loss.
  
  
• Trauma or infection: Damage to the jawbone caused by trauma or infectious processes.
  
  
• Congenital defects: In rare cases, patients may be born with insufficient bone volume.
  
  

Importance of Bone Augmentation:
Bone augmentation is often an essential preparatory step before dental implantation. For reliable and long-term fixation of the implant, a sufficient amount and quality of bone tissue is required. Without augmentation, implant success is questionable in the presence of bone deficiency.

Procedure:
Different types of bone materials are used during the procedure:

• Autogenous bone: The patient’s own bone, harvested from another part of the body (e.g., another part of the jaw). This material integrates best with the body.
  
  
• Allogeneic bone: Processed donor bone.
  
  
• Xenogeneic bone: Bone material of animal origin (often bovine).
  
  
• Synthetic materials: Artificial, biocompatible materials that stimulate bone regeneration.
  
  

After augmentation, the implanted bone tissue integrates with the existing bone, a process that takes several months. The duration depends on the severity of the bone deficiency and the type of material used. In cases of minor augmentation, implant placement may be possible on the same day or within a short time frame.

Postoperative Period:
It is crucial to follow all of the doctor’s instructions during the postoperative period. This includes taking prescribed medications (e.g., antibiotics, painkillers), maintaining strict oral hygiene, and avoiding hard foods to prevent complications and promote proper tissue healing.

Extraction
Tooth extraction is a surgical procedure aimed at the complete removal of a damaged, infected, or otherwise problematic tooth from the oral cavity. Although our clinic’s primary goal is to preserve natural teeth, extraction sometimes becomes inevitable to restore the patient’s health and oral function.

When is Tooth Extraction Necessary?
Extraction is recommended in the following cases:

• Severe caries: When the tooth is so deeply damaged by decay that restoration through filling, crowning, or root canal treatment is impossible.
  
  
• Periodontitis: Severe inflammatory disease of the gums and bone, resulting in tooth mobility and the loss of its functional viability.
  
  
• Infection: Inflammatory processes or abscesses around the tooth that do not respond to antibiotic therapy or recur frequently.
  
  
• Retained or semi-retained teeth: Most commonly wisdom teeth, which fail to fully erupt or are misaligned in the jawbone, causing pain, inflammation, or damage to adjacent teeth.
  
  
• Orthodontic indications: In some orthodontic treatments, teeth may need to be removed to create space for proper alignment.
  
  
• Trauma: Severe tooth fractures that cannot be restored.
  
  

Procedure:
Tooth extraction is performed under local anesthesia, ensuring complete painlessness during the procedure. Our experienced doctors take great care to avoid damaging the alveolar bone structure, which is especially important for patients planning future dental implants. Preserving the bone greatly facilitates subsequent procedures and improves implant integration.

Wisdom tooth extraction is often more complex and requires specific approaches and tools. If necessary, a hemostatic sponge and sutures are used to prevent bleeding and promote better wound healing.

Postoperative Instructions:
Proper wound healing after extraction requires strict adherence to the doctor’s recommendations:

• Keep a sterile gauze pad in place for at least 30–40 minutes to stop bleeding.
  
  
• Avoid stressing the oral cavity (e.g., chewing, rinsing) for the first 24 hours.
  
  
• Avoid hot, hard, and irritating foods for several days.
  
  
• Refrain from smoking and alcohol consumption.
  
  
• Take prescribed medications (pain relievers, antibiotics).
  
  
• Apply an ice pack externally to reduce swelling.
  
  

Although tooth extraction is an undesirable procedure, it is often essential for restoring oral health and preventing more serious complications.